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2048w\" alt=\"-2\" width=\"962px\" height=\"602px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"content--common-block__block-3U\" data-cdo_anexo=\"article-render__block\" data-points=\"6\">\u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e, \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0434\u0435\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e 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\u043f\u043e 3 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a\u0430\u043c. \u0410 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u0437\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437\u0435 \u043b\u0451\u0442\u0447\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0420\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430.<\/p>\n<div class=\"content--article-image-with-viewer__articleImageWithViewer-2Y content--article-image-with-viewer__platformDesktop-3h content--article-image-block__block-1q content--article-image-block__image-23\" data-cdo_anexo=\"article-render__block\" data-points=\"5\" data-block-type=\"image\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"content--article-image-item__articleImageItem-2N content--article-image-item__isShownImage-16 content--article-image-item__withZoomInCursor-35 content--article-image-item__withPointerEvents-49\" aria-label=\"\">\n<div class=\"content--article-image-item__size-17\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"content--article-image-item__cYYXHne3lTBaa-32\">\n<div class=\"content--article-image-item__background-1w\"><\/div>\n<figure class=\"content--article-image-item__imageItem-3w\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"content--article-image-item__image-3_\" src=\"https:\/\/avatars.dzeninfra.ru\/get-zen_doc\/271828\/pub_6537790301335b6b6d6569f9_6538fcb22242fb459cedc4cd\/scale_1200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avatars.dzeninfra.ru\/get-zen_doc\/271828\/pub_6537790301335b6b6d6569f9_6538fcb22242fb459cedc4cd\/scale_540 540w, https:\/\/avatars.dzeninfra.ru\/get-zen_doc\/271828\/pub_6537790301335b6b6d6569f9_6538fcb22242fb459cedc4cd\/scale_720 720w, https:\/\/avatars.dzeninfra.ru\/get-zen_doc\/271828\/pub_6537790301335b6b6d6569f9_6538fcb22242fb459cedc4cd\/scale_1200 2048w\" alt=\"-3\" width=\"962px\" height=\"602px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"content--common-block__block-3U\" data-cdo_anexo=\"article-render__block\" data-points=\"6\">\u0413\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0448\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0438\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430. \u0423 \u043d\u0435\u0451 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e 2 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b. \u0412\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0436\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043c\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0446\u0435\u0432. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0451\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0447\u044c\u044e, \u0437\u0430 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<p class=\"content--common-block__block-3U\" data-cdo_anexo=\"article-render__block\" data-points=\"5\">\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043a \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043c, \u0432\u044b\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0448\u0443\u043c\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u043d\u0438\u043c, \u0438 \u0441\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043c\u0431\u044b, \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0436\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<p class=\"content--common-block__block-3U\" data-cdo_anexo=\"article-render__block\" data-points=\"7\">\u0414\u0435\u0432\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0431\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b \u0444\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0417\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0431\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u043a \u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c. \u0412 1942 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a\u0430. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0431\u043e\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u044e\u0433\u0443 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0443. \u041f\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435.<\/p>\n<div class=\"content--article-image-with-viewer__articleImageWithViewer-2Y content--article-image-with-viewer__platformDesktop-3h content--article-image-block__block-1q content--article-image-block__image-23\" data-cdo_anexo=\"article-render__block\" data-points=\"5\" data-block-type=\"image\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"content--article-image-item__articleImageItem-2N content--article-image-item__isShownImage-16 content--article-image-item__withZoomInCursor-35 content--article-image-item__withPointerEvents-49\" aria-label=\"\">\n<div class=\"content--article-image-item__size-17\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"content--article-image-item__cYYXHne3lTBaa-32\">\n<div class=\"content--article-image-item__background-1w\"><\/div>\n<figure class=\"content--article-image-item__imageItem-3w\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"content--article-image-item__image-3_\" src=\"https:\/\/avatars.dzeninfra.ru\/get-zen_doc\/271828\/pub_6537790301335b6b6d6569f9_6538fcc91cb0b945e58fa2ec\/scale_1200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avatars.dzeninfra.ru\/get-zen_doc\/271828\/pub_6537790301335b6b6d6569f9_6538fcc91cb0b945e58fa2ec\/scale_540 540w, https:\/\/avatars.dzeninfra.ru\/get-zen_doc\/271828\/pub_6537790301335b6b6d6569f9_6538fcc91cb0b945e58fa2ec\/scale_720 720w, https:\/\/avatars.dzeninfra.ru\/get-zen_doc\/271828\/pub_6537790301335b6b6d6569f9_6538fcc91cb0b945e58fa2ec\/scale_1200 2048w\" alt=\"-4\" width=\"800px\" height=\"595px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"content--common-block__block-3U\" data-cdo_anexo=\"article-render__block\" data-points=\"8\">\u0412\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0451\u0442\u0447\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0430 857 \u0432\u044b\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 113 \u0442\u043e\u043d\u043d \u0431\u043e\u043c\u0431 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0430\u0433\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a. \u0415\u0449\u0451 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434. \u0410 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044f \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437\u0430. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0435\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u2013 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043c \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"posle_voiin\" class=\"content--common-block__block-3U content--common-block__header3-3x content--common-block__withColorTransition-hM\" data-cdo_anexo=\"article-render__block\" data-key=\"0_ahoti\" data-points=\"2\">\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b<\/h3>\n<p class=\"content--common-block__block-3U\" data-cdo_anexo=\"article-render__block\" data-points=\"5\">\u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0412\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0418\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0435.<\/p>\n<p class=\"content--common-block__block-3U\" data-cdo_anexo=\"article-render__block\" data-points=\"5\">\u0412 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0443\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 1957. \u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0443\u0431\u0435. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0449\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0418\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043b\u044c \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439. \u0412 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0410\u0448\u043a\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043d \u0432 \u0435\u0451 \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0435.<\/p>\n<div class=\"content--article-image-with-viewer__articleImageWithViewer-2Y content--article-image-with-viewer__platformDesktop-3h content--article-image-block__block-1q content--article-image-block__image-23\" data-cdo_anexo=\"article-render__block\" data-points=\"5\" data-block-type=\"image\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"content--article-image-item__articleImageItem-2N content--article-image-item__isShownImage-16 content--article-image-item__withZoomInCursor-35 content--article-image-item__withPointerEvents-49\" aria-label=\"\">\n<div class=\"content--article-image-item__size-17\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"content--article-image-item__cYYXHne3lTBaa-32\">\n<div class=\"content--article-image-item__background-1w\"><\/div>\n<figure class=\"content--article-image-item__imageItem-3w\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"content--article-image-item__image-3_\" src=\"https:\/\/avatars.dzeninfra.ru\/get-zen_doc\/271828\/pub_6537790301335b6b6d6569f9_6538fcbf6a6cee7e31e4ea4b\/scale_1200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/avatars.dzeninfra.ru\/get-zen_doc\/271828\/pub_6537790301335b6b6d6569f9_6538fcbf6a6cee7e31e4ea4b\/scale_540 540w, https:\/\/avatars.dzeninfra.ru\/get-zen_doc\/271828\/pub_6537790301335b6b6d6569f9_6538fcbf6a6cee7e31e4ea4b\/scale_720 720w, https:\/\/avatars.dzeninfra.ru\/get-zen_doc\/271828\/pub_6537790301335b6b6d6569f9_6538fcbf6a6cee7e31e4ea4b\/scale_1200 2048w\" alt=\"-5\" width=\"1200px\" height=\"642px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0451 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0438. \u041d\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0451\u0442\u0447\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439, \u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0411\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u0423\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c 24 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1919 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0411\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0432 &hellip; 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